The use of new conditioning regimens in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation could improve treatment tolerance in patients with myeloid neoplasms. This is suggested by the study “Real-world experience of treosulfan in allogeneic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with myeloid malignancies”, which examines real-world clinical experience with this drug.
The study focuses on the use of treosulfan as part of the conditioning treatment prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This procedure essentially consists of replacing the patient’s ineffective hematopoiesis with that of a healthy donor. One of the key phases is conditioning, meaning the combination of drugs administered before the donor cell infusion with a dual objective: eliminating the recipient’s hematopoiesis and facilitating the engraftment of the new cells.
According to hematologist Juan Manuel Cerezo, from the Hematology Department at Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla and one of the study’s investigators, the research stems from the need to improve transplant outcomes in patients who, due to age or comorbidities, cannot tolerate more intensive conditioning regimens. In this context, treosulfan emerges as a potentially less toxic alternative with comparable efficacy.
Results in real-world clinical practice
The study analyzes outcomes in more than 70 adult patients with myeloid neoplasms treated at three Spanish centers: Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, and Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. The data show favorable overall survival and a manageable toxicity profile, confirming in routine clinical practice the positive results previously observed in clinical trials.
The researchers involved in this work—including Dr. María Arancha Bermúdez Rodríguez, clinical head of the Hematology Department at Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla and director of its Transplant and Cell Therapy Program—highlight that although allogeneic transplantation remains a complex procedure, therapeutic advances such as the use of treosulfan are helping make it increasingly safer and more accessible for a larger number of patients.
